Joseph Sáenz de Aguirre, OSB (24 March 1630 – 19 August 1699) was a Cardinal , and learned Spanish Benedictine . De Aguirre was born at Logroño , in Old Castile . He entered the congregation of Monte Cassino . He directed the studies in the Monastery of St. Vincent of Salamanca for fifteen years, and became its abbot . He then qualified in dogmatic theology and inaugurated the course in Holy Scripture at the University of Salamanca . He was councillor and secretary of the Holy Office and president of its congregation of the province of Spain . His work against the Declaration of the Gallican Clergy of 1682 won him a cardinal's hat and the warm eulogy of Innocent XI . His correspondence with Bossuet shows how vigorously he combated Quietism . His excessive labors undermined his health, and for many years he suffered from epileptic seizures. He died suddenly from a stroke of apoplexy . He was buried in the Spanish Church of St. James in Rome , and his heart was deposited in Monte Cassino , as he had requested. His more important works are on philosophical and theological subjects, but he also produced writings on ecclesiastical history, commentaries on the theology of St. Anselm , two volumes of miscellanea, and a book to prove that the De Imitatione Christi was by the Benedictine, Jean Gerson . His principal works on philosophy are: Philosophia Nova-antiqua etc., a defense of Aristotle and St. Thomas Aquinas against their opponents (Salamanca, 1671–2–5, 3 in fol.) Philosophia Morum etc. (Salamanca, 1677; Rome, 1698), a commentary in four volumes on Aristotle's Ethics . De virtutibus et vitiis disputationes ethicae in quibus disseritur quidquid spectat ad philosophiam moralem ab Aristotele traditam (Salamanca, 1677; 2d ed. enlarged, Rome, 1697; 3d. ed. Rome, 1717). His principal theological works are: A treatise on the Angels , especially the Guardian Angels, which he prepared as his thesis for the degree of Doctor . S. Anselmi Theologia, commentariis et disputationibus tum dogmaticis tum scholasticis illustrata (Salamanca, 1678–81, 2d ed. Rome, 1688–90). The third volume, De natura hominis pura et lapsa , is especially directed against Jansenism . Auctoritas infallibilis et summa Cathedrae Sancti Petri , etc. (Salamanca, 1683), a learned refutation of the four articles of the Declaration of the Gallican Clergy of France in 1682. Collectio maxima conciliorum omnium Hispaniae et novi orbis , etc. (Salamanca, 1686). Media related to José Sáenz de Aguirre at Wikimedia Commons

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain : Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). " Joseph Saenz de Aguirre ". Catholic Encyclopedia . New York: Robert Appleton Company. Deutsche Biographie Academic staff of the University of Salamanca 17th-century Spanish cardinals Spanish Benedictines 17th-century Spanish Roman Catholic theologians 17th-century Spanish philosophers Articles with short description Short description is different from Wikidata Articles needing additional references from August 2024 All articles needing additional references Articles containing Latin-language text Commons category link is on Wikidata Articles incorporating a citation from the 1913 Catholic Encyclopedia with Wikisource reference Articles incorporating text from the 1913 Catholic Encyclopedia with Wikisource reference