Grasshopper is a visual programming language and environment that runs within the Rhinoceros 3D computer-aided design (CAD) application. The program was created by David Rutten, at Robert McNeel & Associates. [ 2 ] Programs are created by dragging components onto a canvas. The outputs of those components are then connected to the inputs of subsequent components. Grasshopper is primarily used to build generative algorithms, such as for generative art . [ 3 ] [ 4 ] Many of Grasshopper's components create 3D geometry. [ 5 ] Programs may also contain other types of algorithms including numeric, textual, [ 6 ] audio-visual [ 7 ] and haptic applications. [ 8 ] Advanced uses of Grasshopper include parametric modelling for structural engineering , [ 9 ] architecture and fabrication, [ 10 ] lighting performance analysis for energy efficient architecture, [ 11 ] and building energy use. [ 11 ] The first version of Grasshopper, then named Explicit History , was released in September 2007. [ 12 ] [ 13 ] Grasshopper was made part of the standard Rhino toolset in Rhino 6.0, and continues to be. AEC Magazine stated that Grasshopper is "Popular among students and professionals, McNeel Associate’s Rhino modelling tool is endemic in the architectural design world. The Grasshopper environment provides an intuitive way to explore designs without having to learn to script." [ 14 ] Research supporting this claim has come from product design [ 15 ] and architecture. [ 16 ] Grasshopper 2 has been in development since at least 2014, when David Rutten mentioned development of it on his blog. [ 17 ] It is possible to download a "WIP" / Alpha release version into Rhino 8 via the package manager. [ 18 ] It is not clear when GH2 will be included in standard Rhino. [ 19 ] Architectural engineering Comparison of computer-aided design software Design computing Parametric design Generative design Responsive computer-aided design Visual programming language ↑ "Download Rhino 8 for Windows" . Robert McNeel & Associates . [ permanent dead link ] ↑ Tedeschi, Arturo (January 2011). "Intervista a David Rutten" . MixExperience Tools1 (in Italian and English). Naples, Italy: MixExperience. pp. 28– 29. Archived from the original on July 18, 2011 . Retrieved February 8, 2011 . ↑ Loomis, Mark (December 23, 2010). "About Generative Design platforms by Mark Loomis" . Designplaygrounds. Archived from the original (Blog) on March 6, 2023 . Retrieved February 9, 2011 . ↑ Loomis, Mark (January 10, 2011). "Rhino Grasshopper VS Generative Components" . Designplaygrounds. Archived from the original (Blog) on March 6, 2023 . Retrieved February 9, 2011 . ↑ Akos, Gil; Parsons, Ronnie. A sample of grasshopper generated forms (Blog) . StudioMode Beta. Archived from the original on 2011-07-21 . Retrieved 2011-02-09 . ↑ A list of functions to link to datastreams containing numbers and text information Fraguada, Luis. "LaN co-director" . ↑ Andrew, Kudless (July 2011). "Biodigital Architecture Master". Biodynamic Structures Workshop . California College of the Arts, San Francisco: AA San Francisco Visiting School. pp. photos . Archived from the original on January 24, 2011 . Retrieved February 9, 2011 . ↑ Payne, Andrew (9 September 2009), Using a Wii to Control Grasshopper ↑ Georgiou, Odysseas (October 12, 2011). Performance Based Interactive Analysis (Computational Design Modeling: Proceedings of the Design Modeling Symposium Berlin 2011) . Springer Science & Business Media. ISBN 978-3642234354 . ↑ Tedeschi, Arturo (2011). Parametric Architecture with Grasshopper: Primer . Le Penseur. ISBN 978-8895315102 . 1 2 Willis, Dan (June 23, 2016). Energy Accounts: Architectural Representations of Energy, Climate, and the Future . Routledge. ISBN 978-1317428787 . ↑ Rutten, David (July 24, 2013). "GH's Origin? – Grasshopper" . Retrieved August 20, 2019 . ↑ Rutten, David (November 10, 2013). "Back home" . I Eat Bugs for Breakfast . Retrieved May 22, 2020 . ↑ Day, Martyn (June 2, 2009). "Rhino Grasshopper" . AEC Magazine. Archived from the original on July 7, 2011 . Retrieved February 7, 2011 . ↑ Novak, James; Loy, Jennifer (February 9, 2017). "Recoding Product Design Education: Visual Coding for Human Machine Interfaces" . KnE Engineering . 2 (2): 227. doi : 10.18502/keg.v2i2.620 . hdl : 10536/DRO/DU:30120570 . ISSN 2518-6841 . ↑ Celani, Gabriela; Vaz, Carlos Eduardo Verzola (2012). "CAD Scripting and Visual Programming Languages for Implementing Computational Design Concepts: A Comparison from a Pedagogical Point of View". International Journal of Architectural Computing . 10 (1): 121– 137. doi : 10.1260/1478-0771.10.1.121 . ISSN 1478-0771 . S2CID 62593155 . ↑ Sep 8, 2014 Immutable classes, my new favourite methodology | https://ieatbugsforbreakfast.com/2014/09/08/immutable-classes-my-new-favourite/ ↑ "Let's talk about Grasshopper 2.0" . McNeel Forum . April 1, 2022. ↑ "Grasshopper 2-Alpha available for testing" . McNeel Forum . April 1, 2022. Further reading K Lagios, J Niemasz and C F Reinhart, "Animated Building Performance Simulation (ABPS) - Linking Rhinoceros/Grasshopper with Radiance/Daysim", Accepted for Publication in the Proceedings of SimBuild 2010, New York City, August 2010 ( full article ). J Niemasz, J Sargent, C F Reinhart, "Solar Zoning and Energy in Detached Residential Dwellings", Proceedings of SimAUD 2011, Boston, April 2011 Arturo Tedeschi , Architettura Parametrica - Introduzione a Grasshopper , II edizione, Le Penseur, Brienza 2010, ISBN 978-88-95315-08-9 (in Italian) Arturo Tedeschi , Parametric Architecture with Grasshopper , Le Penseur, Brienza 2011, ISBN 978-88-95315-10-2 Arturo Tedeschi , AAD Algorithms-Aided Design, Parametric Strategies using Grasshopper , Le Penseur, Brienza 2014, ISBN 978-88-95315-30-0 Pedro Molina-Siles, Parametric Environment. The Handbook of grasshopper. Nodes & Exercises , Universitat Politècnica de València, 2016. ISBN 978-84-9048-499-9 Diego Cuevas, Advanced 3D Printing with Grasshopper: Clay and FDM (2020). ISBN 979-8635379011 Official website XTrackCAD [ uk ]

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